The Celestial Masters, and the argument about who is one.
The office has passed by descent in the Zhang family for a claimed sixty-four generations. The 63rd fled to Taiwan in 1949 and died in 1969 without an undisputed successor, and rival claimants have been recognised by Taiwan, by mainland bodies and by different branches of the family ever since. The ancestral seat at Mount Longhu is in Jiangxi.
The Celestial Master office has passed by descent in the Zhang family from Zhang Daoling, with the current claim standing at sixty-four generations, from the ancestral seat at Mount Longhu in Jiangxi. Zhang Enpu, the 63rd, left the mainland for Taiwan in 1949 as the Communists took power, and continued to issue Zhengyi ordination registers from Taipei until his death in 1969. He left no undisputed successor, and the office has been claimed since by rival members of the family, with different claimants recognised variously in Taiwan, by mainland institutions and by different branches of the lineage; litigation and public disputes have followed. The mainland has restored Mount Longhu as a major site under the Chinese Taoist Association without recognising a Celestial Master in the old sense. The dispute is practical as well as symbolic, because registers issued under the office's authority are what legitimate Zhengyi priests across Taiwan and the Southeast Asian diaspora.
The same ground, other faiths
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