Israf and tabdhir — excess and squandering — are named vices in the Quran, and the tradition attaches them to water first because water is what a desert religion notices. The wudu-at-the-river hadith is the standard proof text, and jurists specified amounts: a mudd of water for ablution, a sa' for the full bath, both small. The animal material is unusually strong for a pre-modern legal system: a hadith condemning a woman over a cat, another forgiving a sinner for watering a thirsty dog, prohibitions on branding an animal's face, on using a living creature as a target, and on slaughtering within sight of another animal. Contemporary Islamic environmentalism — the 2015 Islamic Declaration on Global Climate Change, the green mosque movement, the halal-and-tayyib argument about factory farming — builds directly on this material. The tension is obvious and worth stating: the argument is being made most loudly in and about states whose economies are built on hydrocarbons, and Muslim environmentalists say so themselves.