Christian mission travelled with European empire and the honest church historians say so plainly: missionaries arrived on the same ships, depended on colonial protection, and frequently could not distinguish the gospel from their own culture. They also created written forms for several hundred languages, ran the schools and clinics that produced the first generation of anti-colonial leadership, and in a number of cases documented and opposed the worst abuses of the administrations they lived under. Both things are true and the tradition is still arguing about the balance. The demographic outcome is the part that gets missed: the churches planted by that mission have outgrown the ones that sent it, and the flow has reversed. Korean, Nigerian and Brazilian mission agencies now field tens of thousands of missionaries, many working in Europe, and the largest congregations in London and Kyiv were founded by West Africans.