Who counts.
Indian orthodoxy holds that conversion is barred — citing the terms on which the refugees were admitted at Sanjan — and that a woman who marries a non-Zoroastrian is out, along with her children, while a man in the same position is not. Iranian and North American bodies disagree and accept converts. Indian courts have been asked to rule on it more than once.
The question of who may be a Zoroastrian is the community's most bitter internal dispute and it divides on geography. Indian orthodoxy holds that the religion does not accept converts, citing the terms said to have been agreed with Jadi Rana at Sanjan, and applies patrilineal descent: the child of a Parsi father and a non-Parsi mother may be initiated, while the child of a Parsi mother and a non-Parsi father may not, and a woman who marries out is treated as having left the community and may be denied entry to fire temples and to the Towers of Silence. Iranian Zoroastrianism has no such prohibition and the Tehran Anjuman has accepted converts; North American associations have generally admitted the children of mixed marriages and, in some cases, converts, and perform navjotes that Bombay does not recognise. Indian courts have been drawn in — most notably in cases concerning whether a woman married out retains her religious status — and have generally been reluctant to overrule the community's own determinations. The dispute is genuinely existential rather than merely doctrinal, because the demography leaves little margin.
The same ground, other faiths
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