Diogenes of Sinope — the dog.
The nickname was an insult he kept: a dog eats in public, sleeps anywhere, has no shame and bites its friends. Asked what philosophy had given him, he said he was prepared for any fortune.
Almost nothing about Diogenes can be verified and the anecdotes contradict each other, which is itself the point: the school transmitted a way of behaving rather than a set of propositions, so the stories are the doctrine. The lamp in daylight, the jar in the Metroon, the plucked chicken produced in Plato's classroom to answer the definition of man as a featherless biped — these are teaching devices preserved because there was nothing else to preserve. Institutionally he matters for one link: Crates was his pupil and Zeno of Citium was Crates's. That is how a school which owned nothing became the ancestor of the most establishment philosophy in Rome.
He was the first, say some, to fold his cloak because he was obliged to sleep in it as well, and he carried a wallet to hold his victuals, and he used any place for any purpose, for breakfasting, sleeping, or conversing.
Diogenes Laertius, Lives of the Eminent Philosophers VI.22, R. D. Hicks translationThe doubled cloak, wallet and staff became the recognisable kit of a Cynic and later of the wandering Christian ascetic.
The same ground, other faiths
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