The denominational map is an American artefact that describes the rest of the Jewish world badly. In the United States, Reform is the largest affiliation, then Conservative, then Orthodox, which is growing fastest because of Haredi birth rates. Orthodoxy is not one thing: Modern Orthodoxy, the Lithuanian yeshiva world, the Hasidic courts and a large Sephardi and Mizrahi religious world that mostly refuses the label and organises around rabbis rather than movements. In Israel the categories are different again — hiloni, masorti, dati, haredi — and the American movements have a small footprint, though Israeli Reform and Masorti communities exist and litigate persistently for recognition. Numbers are contested at every level, but the working figures are around fifteen million Jews worldwide, roughly seven million in Israel and six million in the United States, with France, Canada, Britain, Argentina, Russia, Germany and Australia holding most of the rest — a population still below its 1939 level. No body speaks for all of them, and the chief rabbinates that exist speak for a country or a community, never for the whole.