Shinto

Tradition·Founding date unrecorded·est. ~100 million ritual participants, loosely held

Shinto → 1 branch

Branch
T Figure of Shinto

Tenjin — the exiled scholar.

Sugawara no Michizane was a real minister, outmanoeuvred by the Fujiwara and sent to Kyushu, where he died in 903. Then the capital burned, flooded and was struck by lightning that killed his enemies in the palace. The court gave him rank, a shrine and eventually the patronage of every student sitting an exam.

Names & titlesTenjin — Sugawara no Michizane, 845–903
DomainScholarship, calligraphy, and passing examinations
RelationsA living official, exiled by rivals, who died in disgrace and was deified after the disasters that followed
Depicted asIn court dress with a plum branch; his shrines plant plum trees
StandingKitano Tenmangū and Dazaifu Tenmangū receive millions of students before exams; the clearest case of a wronged human becoming a national kami
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

Michizane is the fullest documented case of the goryō mechanism working. He was a scholar-official of modest family who rose to the second-highest post at court on merit, was outmanoeuvred by Fujiwara no Tokihira on a charge of plotting, exiled to a nominal post in Dazaifu in 901 and dead by 903. Then Tokihira died at thirty-nine, the crown prince died, the palace was struck by lightning in 930 killing several courtiers present, and the emperor died soon after. The court restored Michizane's rank, burned the decree of exile, promoted him posthumously, and built Kitano Tenmangū in 947. Over centuries the angry ghost became the patron of learning and calligraphy, and today Kitano and Dazaifu are packed with teenagers before entrance examinations, hanging wooden plaques with the name of the school they want. Plum trees are planted at his shrines because of a poem he wrote to his plum tree on leaving Kyoto, and the tree is said to have flown after him.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
The dead are not out of reach. Christianity · core tenet Go deeper →
Ziyarat — visiting the dead. Islam · rite Go deeper →
G Guandi. Taoism Meet them →
The samskaras — life, marked. Hinduism · rite Go deeper →
Merit is real, and it can be given away. Buddhism · core tenet Go deeper →
T The yakshis. Jainism Meet them →

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