Borobudur at sunrise · Justine Hong · CC BY 2.0

Buddhism

Tradition·Founded c. 480 BCE·est. ~500 million worldwide

Vedic Religion → Buddhism → 3 branches

Branch
Story of Buddhism

Sujata's bowl, and the lute string.

Six years of austerity had reduced him to a skeleton who could feel his spine through his stomach, and he was no closer. A village girl offered him milk-rice and he ate it; his five companions walked off in disgust at the backsliding. A passing musician's remark supplied the image the tradition kept — a string too slack will not sound, a string too tight will snap. He ate, recovered, sat down under the tree, and woke by morning.

Where it is toldThe awakening narratives, and every temple mural in Southeast Asia
Who appearsThe starving ascetic; Sujata, a village girl with a bowl of milk-rice; five disgusted companions
What it teachesThe middle way was not deduced. It was discovered by nearly dying of the alternative
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

This is the hinge of the whole biography and it is usually skipped. Six years of extreme austerity — the texts describe him eating a single grain of rice a day and being able to touch his spine through his belly — produced nothing, and the middle way was arrived at empirically, as the conclusion of a failed experiment. The five companions who left in disgust are the same five he sought out at Sarnath to teach first, and the reason the first sermon opens by defending the middle way is that they were the ones who had to be won round. Sujata, who fed him, gets a name in the record, which for a village woman in that literature is unusual.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
Bread, water, and a friend. Epicureanism · precept Go deeper →
S Shiva — destroyer and regenerator. Hinduism · figure Meet them →
The soul is liberated by its own effort. Jainism · core tenet Go deeper →
Lent — the forty days. Christianity · rite Go deeper →
The greater struggle. Islam · precept Go deeper →

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