Book of Kells, Chi Rho folio, c. 800 · public domain

Christianity

Tradition·Founded 30 CE·est. ~2.4 billion worldwide

Judaism → Christianity → 11 branches

Branch
Core tenet of Christianity⚖ contested within

The image is permitted — and the church fought a civil war to decide it.

Byzantium smashed its own icons from 726 and again from 815 before the Second Council of Nicaea and then the year 843 settled it: the incarnation makes God depictable, and the honour paid to the image passes to the one depicted, not to the wood. Rome agreed. Calvin did not, and Reformed churches still whitewash their walls.

Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

The iconoclast crisis was not a debate; it was a hundred and twenty years of imperial policy, exile, mutilation and dead monks. Leo III began removing images around 726; the Second Council of Nicaea in 787 restored them and drew the distinction the East has kept ever since, between proskynesis, the veneration due to an image, and latreia, the worship due to God alone. A second wave of destruction ran from 815 until 843, when the images went back for good on the first Sunday of Lent, still kept as the Triumph of Orthodoxy. The theological argument that won is a Christological one: an invisible God cannot be depicted, but a God who took flesh has a face, and refusing to paint it denies the incarnation. The Reformed tradition reopened the case in the sixteenth century and stripped churches from Zurich to Scotland; Lutherans and Anglicans kept images without venerating them. It remains the one place where a devout Orthodox and a devout Presbyterian look at the same wall and see opposite obediences.

From the sources — the passages this rests on; concise renderings, cited

The honour paid to the image passes to the one it portrays.

Second Council of Nicaea, 787, quoting Basil the Great (rendered)

The sentence that ended the iconoclast wars, and the one Calvin refused.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
K Krishna and Rama — the descents. Vaishnavism · figure Meet them →
R Radha-Krishna, fed before anyone else eats. The International Society for Krishna Consciousness · figure Meet them →
Jones told members he was God in a body. Peoples Temple Go deeper →
A Amy Carlson was revered as Mother of All Creation. Love Has Won · figure Meet them →
Taking refuge. Buddhism · rite Go deeper →

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