The Book of Rites.
Forty-nine chapters on how to sit, stand, address a superior, mourn, marry, offer and bury. It is the operating manual, and almost everything anyone actually does in Confucian practice comes from here rather than from the Analects — which is why a tradition famous for a book of sayings is in fact organised around a book of procedures.
The Liji, Book of Rites, is a Han compilation in forty-nine chapters drawing on earlier material, and it is the practical foundation of the entire tradition. It covers the conduct of sacrifice, mourning grades and their durations, the capping and marriage rites, the layout of ritual space, the treatment of guests, the schooling of the young, the duties of officials, and an enormous quantity of prescription about how to sit, stand, walk, eat, address a superior and hold objects. It also contains the two chapters that Zhu Xi later promoted into the Four Books, and the Liyun chapter with its famous passage on the Great Unity, a society in which the world is held in common and people care for others' parents and children as their own — a text much used by Kang Youwei and by Sun Yat-sen. The point worth making is structural: a tradition popularly known through a book of aphorisms is in operational terms organised around a manual of procedure, and almost every Confucian practice traces here rather than to the Analects.
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