Anba Antonius — the first monk.
He sold what he had around 270, walked into the eastern desert, and made solitude a vocation rather than a punishment. Athanasius wrote his life and the book travelled as far as Gaul within a generation. Coptic monasticism is the export Egypt is proudest of.
Antony was a Coptic-speaking farmer's son from Middle Egypt who could not read Greek, which is part of why the movement he started belongs to Egypt rather than to the empire's cities. The Life written by Athanasius around 360 turned him into a model for the whole Christian world. His monastery, Deir Mar Antonios near the Red Sea, still functions; so does the nearby monastery of Saint Paul. Coptic monasticism collapsed and revived repeatedly, most recently in the twentieth century under Pope Cyril VI, himself a monk, when educated young men began entering the desert houses in numbers again.
The same ground, other faiths
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