Baptism is a vow, so it cannot be given to an infant.
The Anabaptist objection was never mainly about water. It was that a church of everyone born in the parish is not a church, and that a promise made on your behalf before you can speak is not a promise. Baptising adults was a capital crime in the Holy Roman Empire from 1529.
The first rebaptisms took place in Zurich on 21 January 1525, when Conrad Grebel poured water over Georg Blaurock from a dipper in a private house. Within four years the Diet of Speyer had made rebaptism punishable by death across the Empire, reviving a sixth-century law against the Donatists, and both Catholic and Protestant authorities used it. The Anabaptist argument was ecclesiological before it was sacramental: if the church is everyone baptised as a baby in a given territory, the church and the state are the same institution and the church cannot say no to the prince. Mennonites baptise by pouring rather than immersion, following Menno; the Mennonite Brethren, formed in Russia in 1860, immerse, which was one of the causes of that split.
The same ground, other faiths
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