The Amish (Old Order)

Denomination·Founded 1693 CE·est. 410,955 in North America as of June 2025 — adults and children — in 3,114 church districts and 684 settlements across 32 states and three Canadian provinces. Young Center for Anabaptist and Pietist Studies, Elizabethtown College. The population has roughly doubled since 2000 and doubles about every twenty years.

Judaism → Christianity → Catholicism → Protestantism → Anabaptism → The Amish (Old Order)

Branch
Precept of The Amish (Old Order)

The Ordnung — unwritten, memorised, voted on twice a year.

It is never printed, which is the point: a written rule could be read by outsiders and lawyered by insiders. It covers hat brims and buggy tops and whether the milk cooler may run off a diesel engine, and it differs enough between the forty-odd Amish affiliations that a Swartzentruber and a New Order Amish person would each find the other barely recognisable.

What it asksDress, transport, technology, schooling, work, and what may be owned — settled district by district
Who it bindsBaptised members only, and only in the district that agreed it
Where it bitesTwice a year at the members' meeting before communion, when every member must say they are at peace with the Ordnung or communion is postponed
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

An Ordnung is a district-level agreement, renewed at the members' meeting before each communion, and each of the roughly forty Amish affiliations keeps its own. Because it is oral it can be changed quietly and can also drift, which is why two settlements a hundred miles apart may differ on tractors, indoor plumbing, or whether a phone shanty may stand at the end of the lane. The threat behind it is not force but the ban, and the ban is only credible in a community small enough for everyone to see who is under it. In Wisconsin v. Yoder in 1972 the United States Supreme Court held that Amish parents could not be compelled to send their children to school past the eighth grade, on the grounds that further schooling would endanger the community's religious life. That ruling is the legal foundation of the Amish schoolhouse.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
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The state, and the shop. Confucianism · community Go deeper →

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