Marriage, and what the churches ask of it.
The common ground is fidelity; almost nothing past that is common. Rome forbids remarriage after divorce without annulment and forbids contraception, the Orthodox permit a second marriage with a penitential rite, and Western Protestant churches are currently splitting over same-sex marriage rather than agreeing about it.
Fidelity is the common ground and very little else is. Rome holds marriage indissoluble, forbids remarriage after divorce without a declaration of nullity, and in Humanae Vitae in 1968 reaffirmed a ban on artificial contraception that most Catholics in practice ignore — surveys in Europe and the Americas put compliance in the low single digits. The Orthodox churches permit a second and third marriage using a penitential rite, on the reasoning that the church may show economy toward human failure. Protestant churches range from strict to permissive on divorce and are currently dividing over same-sex marriage rather than agreeing about it: the Anglican Communion has been in open rupture since the 2003 consecration of Gene Robinson, the United Methodist Church formally split in 2022–24 with about a quarter of US congregations leaving, and African and Asian provinces have generally held the traditional line while Western ones have not. This is the single most divisive live issue in the religion.
The same ground, other faiths
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