Confucianism

Tradition·Founded c. 500 BCE·uncounted — a tradition more than a membership

Confucianism

Branch
Community of Confucianism

Better preserved abroad.

Korea keeps the sacrifice at Sungkyunkwan and 231 local Confucian schools, and preserves Tang-derived ritual music that no longer survives in China. Vietnam's Temple of Literature still holds the stone stelae listing its examination graduates. Japan took the ethics and the political vocabulary and left the ancestor rites largely to Buddhism.

How you joinBy being born into a society organised around it
Who leadsKorea runs Seokjeon at 231 hyanggyo and at Sungkyunkwan, preserves the Tang-derived ritual music that China lost, and has the world's most complete Confucian ritual apparatus. Vietnam's Temple of Literature in Hanoi holds the stelae of its own examination graduates. Japan took the ethics and largely left the ancestor rites to Buddhism
The unitKorea, Japan, Vietnam — where the tradition is in several respects better preserved than in China
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

The Confucian world is not coextensive with China and in some respects survives better outside it. Korea institutionalised Neo-Confucianism more thoroughly than China did during the Chosŏn dynasty, and the consequences persist: Seokjeon Daeje is performed at Sungkyunkwan and at 231 hyanggyo, the local Confucian schools; the accompanying Munmyo jeryeak preserves ritual music of Song and Tang derivation that no longer survives in China, and Korean specialists and Chinese scholars alike acknowledge this. Vietnam's Temple of Literature in Hanoi, founded in 1070, still holds eighty-two stone stelae mounted on tortoises recording the names of doctoral graduates from 1442 to 1779, inscribed on UNESCO's Memory of the World register. Japan absorbed the ethical and political vocabulary — Tokugawa Neo-Confucianism was the shogunate's official learning — while leaving funerals and the dead largely to Buddhism, so Japanese Confucianism has ethics and education without the ancestral ritual apparatus that defines it elsewhere.

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