Authority passed to the community.
The consensus chose Abu Bakr; legitimacy flows through the umma, not a bloodline.
The Sunni position on succession is that the Prophet designated no one, and that the community was right to choose — Abu Bakr by acclamation, then Umar, Uthman, and Ali, the four rightly-guided caliphs. The theological consequence is large: authority is dispersed into the community and its scholars rather than vested in a designated line, which is why Sunni Islam has no clergy, no ordination, and no single head, and why it fragmented far less over succession than one might expect.
The same ground, other faiths
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