Zoroastrianism

Tradition·Founded c. 1200 BCE·est. 100–200 thousand worldwide

Zoroastrianism

Branch
Rite of Zoroastrianism

Muktad — the dead come home.

The last ten days of the year. The house is scrubbed, a room is set aside with flowers in clean vases, sandalwood is burnt, and the family's dead are invited by name and given food each day. On the tenth day they are formally seen off. Families who have dropped everything else keep the list of names.

⏱ annual — the last ten days of the year◌ every household
What happensThe house is scrubbed, a clean room set aside with flowers, sandalwood and a fire; the fravashis of the family dead are invited by name and food is set out for them daily; on the tenth day they are seen off
What it needsTen days of cleaning, and a family list of the dead going back generations
What it aims atMuktad, or Farvardigan. The dead are treated as guests staying in the house, and the invitation is by name — which is why lapsed families still keep the list
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this rite is held

Muktad, called Farvardigan in Iran, occupies the last ten days of the Zoroastrian year, comprising the five final days of the twelfth month and the five Gatha days that follow. The household is scrubbed from top to bottom, and a room or a corner is set apart with a table holding metal vases of flowers kept fresh, a fire vase burning sandalwood, and water. The fravashis of the family dead are invited by name — which requires a list, often written and passed down — and food is offered daily for the ten days, with prayers recited by the family or by a hired priest. On the final day they are formally seen off. In Bombay, fire temples set aside large halls where families rent tables for the period. The observation everyone in the community makes is that Muktad is the last thing to go: households that have abandoned daily prayer, temple attendance and dietary practice will still put out the flowers and keep the list of names.

The same ground, other faiths

rites that share this one's ideas
The samskaras — life, marked. Hinduism Go deeper →
Obon — feeding the hungry ghosts. Buddhism Go deeper →
Water thrown the wrong way. Sikhism · story Read it in full →
T The Stove God. Taoism · figure Meet them →
Ancestor veneration. Confucianism Go deeper →

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