Devadatta, and the elephant.
The Buddha's cousin wanted the order, was refused it, and tried three times to kill him — a hired assassin, a rock rolled down a hillside, and finally a war elephant deliberately made drunk and driven into his path. The elephant stopped and lowered its head. Devadatta then split the sangha by demanding stricter rules, which is the detail that matters: the schism came dressed as greater piety.
Devadatta is the tradition's inconvenient story and it was kept anyway. The Buddha's own cousin asked for leadership of the order, was refused, and moved to murder — and the schism he actually achieved came not from laxity but from demanding stricter rules than the Buddha required: compulsory forest-dwelling, rags only, no meat under any circumstances. The Buddha declined to make them mandatory and Devadatta left with a following. That a split can be led from the strict side, by someone claiming greater purity, is a lesson the Vinaya preserved deliberately, and later Chinese pilgrims reported communities still following Devadatta's rule centuries on.
The same ground, other faiths
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