The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church

Denomination·Founded 330 CE·est. ~36 million and rising; Ethiopia's 2007 census put Orthodox Christians at 43.5 per cent of the population, and the church claims closer to 50 million.

Judaism → Christianity → Oriental Orthodoxy → The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church

Branch
S Figure of The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church

Saint Yared — the man who wrote the chant.

Tradition gives him the whole of Ethiopian sacred music: three modes, a notation of small marks above the words, and the aquaquam, the slow chanted dance with prayer staff, sistrum and drum. The story says he learned it from three birds sent from Eden. His books are still the ones cantors learn from.

Names & titlesSaint Yared; Qidus Yared
Domainchant, the three modes of Ethiopian music, sacred dance
Depicted asstanding before King Gebre Meskel with a prayer staff, three doves at his ear
Standingthe sixth-century deacon credited with composing the whole Ethiopian chant tradition and its notation
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

Yared is dated to the sixth century, in the reign of Gebre Meskel of Aksum. Whether one man composed the corpus or the tradition attached itself to his name, the notation system he is credited with — melekket, small Ge'ez characters written above the text as memory cues — is genuinely distinctive and is still taught in church schools. Training as a debtera takes years and covers chant, the notation, poetry known as qene, and the dance. Yared's feast falls on 11 Genbot in the Ethiopian calendar.

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