Jainism

Tradition·Founded c. 550 BCE·est. ~4–5 million worldwide

Vedic Religion → Jainism

Branch
M Figure of Jainism

Marudevi on the elephant.

Rishabhanatha's mother grieved his renunciation for a thousand years and went blind from weeping. Riding an elephant to see him restored to glory, she understood on the way what the whole thing had been about, and was liberated where she sat — the first soul freed in this half-cycle, with no vows, no fasts and no initiation.

Names & titlesMarudevi — mother of Rishabhanatha
DomainLiberation without any of the apparatus
RelationsRishabhanatha's mother; she grieved for him for a thousand years
Depicted asSeated on an elephant, at the moment of realisation
StandingThe first soul liberated in this half-cycle, and she did it on an elephant's back on the way to see her son, with no vows, no fasting and no diksha
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

Marudevi's story is the most theologically startling thing in the tradition and it is told in a few lines. She is the mother of Rishabhanatha; when he renounced she grieved continuously — a thousand years in the traditional reckoning — and wept until she lost her sight. Told that her son had attained omniscience and was surrounded in glory, she set out on an elephant to see him. On the way, according to the accounts, understanding arose: she saw the nature of attachment, of what she had been grieving, and of the whole apparatus, and attained kevala jnana and then liberation there on the elephant's back, before reaching him. She is thus the first soul liberated in this half-cycle, and she achieved it without taking diksha, without vows, without fasting, without a teacher and without the tradition existing yet. Jain teachers use her to make a specific point: the vows are instrumental and not constitutive. It is the closest thing in a religion with no grace to a story about grace.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
The self is reborn until liberation. Hinduism · core tenet Go deeper →
Suffering has a cause, and therefore an end. Buddhism · core tenet Go deeper →
Salvation is grace, not wage. Christianity · core tenet Go deeper →
Mercy outruns wrath. Islam · core tenet Go deeper →
Grace decides. Effort only puts you in its way. Sikhism · core tenet Go deeper →
Knowledge liberates. Advaita Vedānta · core tenet Go deeper →

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