The 1889 judgment of the Royal Court of Final Appeal of Travancore, in what is usually called the Seminary Case, held that the reform party had departed from the faith of the Malankara church and could not hold its property. It was a comprehensive loss: the seminary, the endowment funds, the metropolitan's residence and the great majority of the parishes went to the other side. The reform party had a bishop in valid succession, a revised liturgy and a congregation, and built again from that. Kerala's church litigation therefore has two distinct nineteenth and twentieth century strands — the 1889 case that created the Mar Thoma Church, and the later cases that divided the Orthodox and Jacobite parties — and both are still cited in court.