The Restoration Movement (Churches of Christ)

Denomination·Founded 1809 CE·About 1,113,362 members in roughly 11,790 congregations in the United States, from the directory maintained since 1973 by 21st Century Christian and now the Church Research Council. Both figures have fallen every year since the 1990s. Substantial churches also exist in Nigeria, Ghana, India and Brazil, counted separately and not reliably.

Judaism → Christianity → Catholicism → Protestantism → The Restoration Movement (Churches of Christ) → 1 branch

Branch

Figures

who it looks to — gods, spirits, ancestors; some rooms are empty on principle All 1 →
A Alexander Campbell — the debater who built a movement and refused a name. An Ulster-born printer, farmer, college founder and formidable public debater who edited the Christian Baptist and then the Millennial Harbinger for forty years. He argued in public against the atheist Robert Owen in 1829 and against a Catholic bishop in 1837, and spent his life insisting the movement not be called after him. Domain Restoration of the New Testament church, baptism, the abolition of creedsStanding The movement refuses to be called Campbellite and has done since the 1830s Meet them — context →

Core Tenets

2 — a sample of the center, never the sum All 2 →
The shared center — held across the tradition
Where the Scriptures speak, we speak; where they are silent, we are silent. Thomas Campbell's rule of 1809 was meant to end division by removing everything not in the text — creeds, titles, denominational names. It produced instead the movement's permanent argument, because two people can read the same silence in opposite ways. Go deeper — context & 1 source →
Held by most — broad, but not universal
Baptism is immersion, of a believer, for the forgiveness of sins. Not a symbol of a forgiveness already received but the point at which it is received, from Acts 2:38. This is the doctrine that separates the Churches of Christ most sharply from evangelical Protestantism, and it is why the movement has historically not counted the unimmersed as Christians — a position many members now hold more loosely than their grandparents did. Go deeper — context →

Cosmos & Afterlife

how reality is built, and what follows death
The nature of reality

A New Testament pattern that can be read off the text and reproduced, so that division becomes unnecessary

After death

Resurrection and judgment; the movement has argued about hell and about the millennium without ever making either a test

Built on Hatchable