Diamper, 1599.
Aleixo de Menezes, the Portuguese archbishop of Goa, convened a synod at Udayamperoor with 153 priests and 660 lay representatives, declared the Thomas Christians subject to Goa, cut them off from their East Syriac patriarch, and ordered Syriac books corrected or burned. Whether the assembly consented or was coerced has been argued for four centuries. What is not disputed is that the manuscripts went into the fire.
Menezes travelled Kerala for months before the synod, ordaining and confirming, and the assembly at Udayamperoor in June 1599 was the culmination. Its decrees abolished the community's links to the Church of the East, condemned the East Syriac liturgical books as Nestorian, ordered corrections and burnings, and introduced Latin practice including compulsory clerical celibacy and the Inquisition's jurisdiction. The acts survive only in Portuguese redaction, which is itself part of the historical problem. Rome has never formally repudiated the synod; a 1999 joint statement of the Catholic and Malankara Syrian Orthodox dialogue treated its consequences as a wound to be healed. In Kerala, Diamper is the reference point for every subsequent argument about who controls the rite.
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