Harmandir Sahib, Amritsar · Bernard Gagnon · CC BY-SA 4.0

Sikhism

Tradition·Founded 1499 CE·est. ~26 million worldwide

Sikhism → 1 branch

Branch
G Figure of Sikhism

Guru Amar Das — eat first, then see me.

He made the langar a precondition of audience, so Akbar sat on the floor and ate with everyone before he was received. He forbade sati and purdah among Sikhs, permitted widow remarriage, and put women in charge of some of the twenty-two manjis that taught in his name.

Names & titlesGuru Amar Das
DomainThird Guru — the institution builder
RelationsCarried Guru Angad's bathing water from the Beas for twelve years before succeeding him at seventy-three
Depicted asVery old, white-bearded, standing at the Goindval step-well
StandingWrote Anand Sahib, still sung at every Sikh wedding and every Sikh funeral
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

Amar Das is the Guru who turned a following into an organisation. He was seventy-three when he took the seat and ruled for twenty-two years, in which he set up the twenty-two manjis — preaching districts — and appointed women to head some of them, established Goindval with its stepped well as the first Sikh pilgrimage site, fixed Vaisakhi and Maghi as gathering days, and made eating in the langar a precondition of an audience with him. His social rulings were explicit: no sati, no purdah, widows may remarry, and Sikhs should not intermarry on the basis of caste. He also composed Anand Sahib, which is why the Sikh wedding is called Anand Karaj. Sikh historians note the obvious tension — the man who abolished caste rank in the langar also passed the Guruship to his son-in-law, and it stayed in one family for the next two centuries.

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