Harmandir Sahib, Amritsar · Bernard Gagnon · CC BY-SA 4.0

Sikhism

Tradition·Founded 1499 CE·est. ~26 million worldwide

Sikhism → 1 branch

Branch
Community of Sikhism

Gurmatta — the Panth decides.

Guru Gobind Singh split his authority: half to the book, half to the community. A gurmatta is a resolution taken by the sangat in the presence of the Guru Granth Sahib, and the doctrine that five Sikhs sitting together carry the Guru's authority is why the tenth Guru obeyed five of his own men at Chamkaur.

How you joinAny five amritdhari Sikhs of good standing can constitute the Panj Piare for a given purpose
Who leadsThe Guru Panth — the community, holding half the Guru's authority
The unitThe gurmatta — a resolution taken in the presence of the Guru Granth Sahib
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

Guru Gobind Singh divided his authority in two before he died: the Guru Granth Sahib and the Guru Panth, the scripture and the community. A gurmatta is a decision taken by the sangat in the presence of the scripture on a matter affecting the Panth as a whole, and historically the Sarbat Khalsa — the whole community assembled, usually at Amritsar at Vaisakhi or Diwali — was the body that took them. The doctrine that five Sikhs together carry the Guru's authority is not decorative: at Chamkaur the five remaining Sikhs ordered Guru Gobind Singh himself to leave the battlefield, and he obeyed. Five Sikhs still administer amrit, still lead processions, and still pronounce discipline on anyone. In practice the Sarbat Khalsa has not functioned as a regular institution for two centuries; attempts to convene one, most visibly in 2015, have been contested as factional and were not recognised by the SGPC. So the community holds a genuine constitutional doctrine of collective authority with no working mechanism to exercise it, which is a large part of why Sikh institutional politics is as unresolved as it is.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
The councils. Buddhism Go deeper →
Argument, for the sake of heaven, is sacred. Judaism · core tenet Go deeper →
The books that vary. Christianity · scripture Open the book →
Tafsir. Islam · scripture Open the book →
Scripture, tradition, and reason. Anglicanism · core tenet Go deeper →
The umma of scholars. Sunni Islam Go deeper →

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