Borobudur at sunrise · Justine Hong · CC BY 2.0

Buddhism

Tradition·Founded c. 480 BCE·est. ~500 million worldwide

Vedic Religion → Buddhism → 3 branches

Branch
T Figure of Buddhism

The devas — gods, and beside the point.

Indra and Brahma turn up in the suttas, ask questions, and lose arguments. Buddhism does not deny the gods; it demotes them. They are long-lived, powerful, and still stuck on the wheel.

Names & titlesSakka (Indra), Brahma Sahampati, the Four Great Kings
DomainThe heavens — pleasure, long life, and an expiry date
RelationsBrahma Sahampati is the one who talks the Buddha into teaching at all
Depicted asCrowned and jewelled, attending the Buddha rather than the reverse
StandingReal, occasionally useful, and no help whatsoever with the actual problem
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

Buddhism's devas are the most instructive thing about its relationship to religion generally: it kept the gods and removed their job. Sakka — Vedic Indra, demoted — appears constantly, usually as a decent and slightly out-of-his-depth interlocutor. Brahma Sahampati has the crucial cameo, begging the newly awakened Buddha to teach when he is inclined not to bother, which is the tradition's way of saying that even the highest god needed the teaching and could not produce it. The practical upshot across Asia is that Buddhism never had to abolish local gods to move into a country. It just outranked them.

From the sources — the passages this rests on; concise renderings, cited

Teach the dharma, lord. There are beings with little dust in their eyes who are falling away because they do not hear it.

Brahma Sahampati, Ayacana Sutta (rendered)

The highest god in the cosmos, asking a human for the teaching.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
Karma is a substance. Jainism · core tenet Go deeper →
T The jinn. Islam Meet them →
A human birth is the opening, and it closes. Sikhism · core tenet Go deeper →
The Pure Land receives the faithful. Pure Land · core tenet Go deeper →
Everything is qi. Taoism · core tenet Go deeper →

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