Mary Magdalene — apostle to the apostles.
She found the tomb, and the men did not believe her. Then a sixth-century pope merged her with an anonymous sinful woman and a Mary of Bethany, and fourteen centuries of art painted her as a penitent prostitute on the strength of it. Rome unpicked the conflation in 1969 and raised her feast to the apostles' rank in 2016.
The Magdalene case is the clearest instance of a woman's standing in Christianity being lost by administrative accident and slowly reclaimed. The gospels agree that she was at the crucifixion and at the tomb, and John has the risen Christ commission her to tell the others, which is why the medieval Latin phrase apostolorum apostola existed at all. But in 591 Gregory the Great preached a homily identifying her with the unnamed sinful woman of Luke 7 and with Mary of Bethany, and the West ran with it for fourteen hundred years: the penitent prostitute of the paintings, the patron of reformed women, the name given to the Magdalene laundries in Ireland where women were confined into the 1990s. The Eastern churches never made the conflation and always called her equal to the apostles. Rome separated the figures in the 1969 calendar reform and in 2016 raised her 22 July commemoration from memorial to feast, the same rank as the apostles, with the old title formally restored.
Go to my brothers and tell them.
John 20:17The commission that gave her the title, given before any of the eleven had seen anything.
The same ground, other faiths
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