Book of Kells, Chi Rho folio, c. 800 · public domain

Christianity

Tradition·Founded 30 CE·est. ~2.4 billion worldwide

Judaism → Christianity → 11 branches

Branch
M Figure of Christianity

Mary Magdalene — apostle to the apostles.

She found the tomb, and the men did not believe her. Then a sixth-century pope merged her with an anonymous sinful woman and a Mary of Bethany, and fourteen centuries of art painted her as a penitent prostitute on the strength of it. Rome unpicked the conflation in 1969 and raised her feast to the apostles' rank in 2016.

Names & titlesMary of Magdala
DomainFirst witness of the resurrection; the one sent to tell the men
RelationsNamed in all four gospels at the tomb; conflated with two other women by Gregory the Great in 591 and disentangled by Rome in 1969
Depicted asFor fourteen centuries as a repentant prostitute, on the authority of a sermon rather than a text
StandingHer feast was raised to the rank of the apostles' in 2016, with the old title apostle to the apostles restored
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

The Magdalene case is the clearest instance of a woman's standing in Christianity being lost by administrative accident and slowly reclaimed. The gospels agree that she was at the crucifixion and at the tomb, and John has the risen Christ commission her to tell the others, which is why the medieval Latin phrase apostolorum apostola existed at all. But in 591 Gregory the Great preached a homily identifying her with the unnamed sinful woman of Luke 7 and with Mary of Bethany, and the West ran with it for fourteen hundred years: the penitent prostitute of the paintings, the patron of reformed women, the name given to the Magdalene laundries in Ireland where women were confined into the 1990s. The Eastern churches never made the conflation and always called her equal to the apostles. Rome separated the figures in the 1969 calendar reform and in 2016 raised her 22 July commemoration from memorial to feast, the same rank as the apostles, with the old title formally restored.

From the sources — the passages this rests on; concise renderings, cited

Go to my brothers and tell them.

John 20:17

The commission that gave her the title, given before any of the eleven had seen anything.

All sources for Christianity →

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
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Every human bears the image of God. Judaism · core tenet Go deeper →
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All human beings are equal. Sikhism · core tenet Go deeper →

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