Meenakshi Temple gopuram, Madurai · Vyacheslav Argenberg · CC BY 4.0
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Hinduism

Tradition·Founding date unrecorded·est. ~1.2 billion worldwide

Vedic Religion → Hinduism → 8 branches

Branch
T Figure of Hinduism

The demons, who are not simple.

Ravana is a brahmin, a Vedic scholar and a devotee of Shiva, and parts of Sri Lanka and central India honour him. Adivasi and Bahujan groups hold Mahishasur Martyrdom Day during Durga Puja, mourning as an ancestor the buffalo king the Goddess kills.

Names & titlesRavana, Mahishasura, Hiranyakashipu, Duryodhana
DomainThe ones the gods had to kill
RelationsRavana a brahmin, a Vedic scholar and a Shiva devotee; Hiranyakashipu the father of a saint
Depicted asRavana ten-headed; Mahishasura half-emerged from a buffalo under Durga's foot
StandingBurned in effigy every Dussehra — and mourned as an ancestor elsewhere on the same day
Understanding it — context, not catechism: how this passage is held

The demons are the most interesting people in Hindu myth and the tradition knows it. Ravana is learned, powerful, a musician, and a devotee whose worship of Shiva is exemplary — his defeat is a matter of one specific transgression, not of essential evil, and Rama performs penance for killing a brahmin afterwards. Some communities in Sri Lanka, in Madhya Pradesh, and among Tamil Dravidianist movements honour him and read the Ramayana as an account of northern conquest. Mahishasura goes further: since around 2011 at Jawaharlal Nehru University, and since then at events across eastern and central India, Adivasi and Bahujan groups have observed Mahishasur Martyrdom Day during Durga Puja, mourning him as an indigenous king killed by an invading deity. It reached the floor of the Indian Parliament in 2016 and produced a national row. Whatever one makes of the historical claim, the phenomenon is a reminder that a story of good defeating evil looks different depending on whose ancestor is under the foot.

The same ground, other faiths

claims that share this one's ideas
Ritual sustains the order of the world. Vedic Religion · core tenet Go deeper →
The first sermon at Sarnath. Buddhism · story Read it in full →
Nobody made the universe. Jainism · core tenet Go deeper →
S Satan — the adversary. Christianity Meet them →
H Husayn — killed at Karbala. Islam Meet them →

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